In 2008, the SCJN declared it constitutional to decriminalize abortion until the 12th week of pregnancy in what was then the Federal District. The country`s Supreme Court (SCJN) ruled on September 7 to declare unconstitutional the criminalization of abortion in Coahuila when women and pregnant women decide to terminate their pregnancies. Local legislation does not yet formally recognize the concept of surrogate mother to include gender diversity, but the local constitution generally allows the human rights of every person, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity. There has never been an anti-abortion ban in the local constitution. Currently, abortion is legal in the following states of the Mexican Republic: Ciudad de Mã©xico, Oaxaca, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Baja California, Colima, Sinaloa, Guerrero and Baja California Sur. As part of reconciliation, President Porfirio Díaz sought to improve relations with the Catholic Church, which were profoundly deteriorated by the consolidation of the secular state in 1857 during the term of President Benito Juárez (the proclamation of the reform laws and the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States). Mexican public morality, as well as Victorian morality, will be quite hypocritical, because if the transgressions were carried out “discreetly and without insulting modesty”, the sentences were reduced or simply disappeared. Although the Inquisition had disappeared since 1820, Catholic censorship of abortion was strengthened in 1869 when Pope Pius IX, through the bull Apostolicae Sedis (based on alleged scientific research), eliminated the distinction between inanimate and animate fetuses. Since then, the Church has been committed to recognizing life from conception. However, Mexican society will not be increasingly afraid of excommunication.
[144] [145] Proposals to decriminalize and legalize voluntary abortion were rare or very timid at the time. It was only in 2014 that the local penal code was reformed in Michoacán to reinforce another cause, namely the “precarious economic situation” during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. In this way, it became the second state to do so, alongside the Yucatan, albeit nearly 70 years apart. [203] You might also be interested in: Legal abortion in Mexico: Congress approves decriminalization in Baja California Sur Voluntary abortion has been fully decriminalized since September 2021 due to a SCJN decision (Action of Unconstitutionality AI 148/2017). The local legislator has declared invalid only the corresponding articles of the Penal Code, but the time limits, judgments or reasons have not been changed. That is, elective abortion is in a loophole. The discourse that promotes prejudice against abortion has been enshrined in local laws through reforms that the Court has also©declared unconstitutional by providing legal protection for “human life from conception” on the basis of the Sinaloa Constitution. Another 19 companies adopted similar©reforms from 2008 to March 2021. “We hope that it will not be difficult for Congresses to join this court decision, and that there will be no resistance, especially with the efforts of anti-abortion groups to restrict this right,” Salguero warned. According to mexico city reports, the legal termination of pregnancy is performed in clinics and hospitals of the©health system of Mexico City©. All ILE services are free and can also be© used by minors without any problems. For the Catholic Church at the time, abortion was not considered heresy or murder because the fetus lacked reason until birth.
But it was (and still is) a mortal sin as long as it is complete and does not occur naturally or spontaneously. The corresponding punishment was (and still is) only an excommunication, although some authors mention that there are cases in which midwives (especially indigenous, mulatto and mestizos) have been indicted by the Court of the Holy Office and thus tortured and tortured. [138] [139] For people of that time, excommunication was a very severe punishment, as it affected not only their liturgical life, but also their social isolation and civil rights were suspended: they could not deal with other people, which prevented them from doing business, and they were not allowed to be buried in cemeteries. While religious resistance is based on the 5th commandment (“thou shalt not kill”), in reality it was obliged to have descendants, even within the “legitimate association”, in order to educate them in the faith according to the doctrine of the sacrament of marriage. This is why little attention has been paid to the abortion practices of single people. Unlike secular justice, ecclesiastical persecution may have been greater because of the need to confess sins.